J

英 [d?e?] 美[d?e]

基本詞匯

J: the letter is a late modification of Roman -i-, originally a scribal creation in continental Medieval Latin to distinguish small -i- in cursive writing from the strokes of other letters, especially in the final positions of words. But in English, -y- was used for this, and -j- was introduced into English c. 1600-1640 to take up the consonantal sound that had evolved from -i- since Late Latin times. This usage first was attested in Spanish, where it was in place before 1600. English dictionaries continued to lump together words beginning in -i- and -j- until 19c., and -j- formerly was skipped when letters were used to express serial order.

Used in modern writing to represent Latin -i- before -a-, -e-, -o-, -u- in the same syllable, which in Latin was sounded as the consonant in Modern English you, yam, etc., but the custom is controversial among Latinists:
The character J, j, which represents the letter sound in some school-books, is an invention of the seventeenth century, and is not found in MSS., nor in the best texts of the Latin authors. [Lewis]
In words from Hebrew, -j- represents yodh, which was equivalent to English consonantal y (as in hallelujah) but in many names it later was conformed in sound to the -j- of Latin or French (Jesus).

2. The first step towards getting somewhere is to decide that you are not going to stay where you are.--J.P. Morgan: 邁向任何地方的第一步，就是下決心不在原地踏步。

3. Sterling Moss and A? J? Foyt race cars professionally.: 斯特林?莫斯和A? J? 福伊特都是職業賽車手.

4. Among the giants were Jay Gould, J . P . Morgan, Andrew Carnegie, John D. Rockefeller and Henry Ford.: 這些人中有杰伊-古爾德、 J-P-摩根、安德魯. 卡內基、約翰-D-洛克菲勒和亨利-福特等.

5. I've had the honor of visiting Respect ed Mr. Z and Mr. J. ": 已拜訪過Z老、J老. ”

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